Selecting oil separators

 

The amount of rainfall sewage

Nominal flow (amount of sewage requiring pre-treatment)

 

Qnom = qnom·F·ψ

 

Qnom – intensity of precipitation [/ (s · ha)]; in accordance with the Regulation of the Ministry of the Enviroment from November 18, 2014:

– 77 dm3/(s·ha) for storage areas and gas stations

– 15 dm3/(s·ha) for industrial areas, transport bases, harbours, airports, cities, Category G national, provincial or county roads, as well as car parks with a surface area of over 0.1 ha

F – watershed [ha]

ψ – outflow factor

 

Type of water catch basin  Outflow factor  ψ
Roofs roof pitch over  15º 1,00
roof pitch below  15º 0,80
gravel 0,50
 Asphalt 0,8-0,90
 Cobblestone 0,8-0,85
 Gravel 0,15-0,30
 Roof gardens  0,30
 Ramps and car washes  1,00
 Pressed concrete, covered by tar paper or concrete  0,90
 Chodniki pokryte płytami 0,60
 Pavements without paving blocks, yards, alleys  0,50
 Playgrounds and sports fields  0,25
 Greenery, gardens  0,10-0,15
 Parks 0,05

 

Maximum flow

 

Qmax= qmax·ψ·φ

 

qmax – maximum rainfall density / maximum severe rainfall density [/(s·ha)]

qmax = 6,631 * 3√H2*C
t 2/3

H – annual normal precipitation (average 600 mm) [mm]

t – duration of rainfall [min]

C – frequency of rainfall [years]

P – probability of rainfall [1/year]

 

P C Qmax [dm3/s·ha] fot t [min]
[1/year]  [years]   t =10 min  t =15 min
100,0 1,0 100,0 77,0
50,0 2,0 126,0 97,0
20,0 5,0 172,0 132,0
10,0 10,0 216,0 166,0
5,0 20,0 273,0  210,0

 

F – watershed [ha]

ψ – outflow factor (see “Nominal flow”)

φ – delay factor (retention) depending on size, shape and fall of water catch basin

 

φ = 1
n√F

 

where n = 4-8

The more compact the water catch basin is (with a similar shape to a circle) and falls greater- the greater the n. The flatter and longer the water catch basin, the smaller the n.

 

 

Industrial wastewater

 

On the basis of PN-EN 858-2 norms

 

Qnom device = 2 · Qs· fd

 

Qs – amount of industrial wastewater; on the basis of PN-EN 858-2 norms

Qs = Qs1· Qs2· Qs3· Qs4· Qs1· Qs1 [dm3/s]

Qs1 – amount of wastewater from water access points

Qs2 – amount of wastewater from car washes. For one device Qs2 ≥ 2 dm3/s; for more than one device: 2 dm3/s for the first device and 1 dm3/s for the rest of the devices.

Qs3 – amount of wastewater from high pressure washers. For one device  Qs3 ≥ 2 dm3/s; for more than one device: 2 dm3/s 2 for the first device and 1 dm3/s  for the rest of the devices.

Qs4 – amount of industrial wastewater

 

 

Diameter of valve taps
Water access point DN 15 (1/2”) DN 15 (1/2”) DN 25 (1”)
Amount of wastewater Qs1 [dm3/s]
 1  0,50  1,00  1,70
 2  0,50  1,00  1,70
 3  0,35  0,70  1,20
 4  0,25  0,50  0,85
 ≥5  0,10  0,20  

 

Density of separated fluid [g/cm3] fd
 to 0,85  1,00
 over 0,85 do 0,90  1,50
 0,90 do 0,95  2,00

SELECTING THE SIZE OF THE SEPARATOR

Rainfall sewage
Coalescence separators Qnom separator (NS) > Qmax sewage  
Lamella separators Qnom separator (NS) > Qmax sewage Qmax separator (NS) > Qmax sewage
Coalescence separators with by-pass
Industrial wastewater
Coalescence separators Qnom separator (NS) > Qmax sewage  

Capacity of settling tank

  Estimated sample amount of sewage sludge Minimum volume of settling tank
None - condensate Not needed
Small - Industrial wastewater with a small amount of sewage sludge
- all areas precipitation water where there is a small amount of sludge from traffic etc.

 100 · NS  a
fd

 Medium - gas stations, car washes
- places for washing buses
- wastewater from garages and parking lots
- power plants, service stations

 200 · NS  b
fd

High - washing devices for off-road vehicles, construction machinery, agricultural machinery
- places for washing lorries and trucks

 300 · NS  b
fd

  – automatic car washes

 300 · NS  c
fd

a Does not apply to separators smaller or equal to NS 10
b Minimum volume of sedimentation tanks 600 l
c Minimum volume of sedimentation tanks 5000 l
Diameter of valve taps
Water access point DN 15 (1/2”) DN 15 (1/2”) DN 25 (1”)
Amount of wastewater Qs1 [dm3/s]
 1  0,50  1,00  1,70
 2  0,50  1,00  1,70
 3  0,35  0,70  1,20
 4  0,25  0,50  0,85
 ≥5  0,10  0,20  

 

Density of separated fluid [g/cm3] fd
 to 0,85  1,00
 over 0,85 do 0,90  1,50
 0,90 do 0,95  2,00

SELECTING THE SIZE OF THE SEPARATOR

Rainfall sewage
Coalescence separators Qnom separator (NS) > Qmax sewage  
Lamella separators Qnom separator (NS) > Qmax sewage Qmax separator (NS) > Qmax sewage
Coalescence separators with by-pass
Industrial wastewater
Coalescence separators Qnom separator (NS) > Qmax sewage  

Capacity of settling tank

  Estimated sample amount of sewage sludge Minimum volume of settling tank
None - condensate Not needed
Small - Industrial wastewater with a small amount of sewage sludge
- all areas precipitation water where there is a small amount of sludge from traffic etc.

 100 · NS  a
fd

 Medium - gas stations, car washes
- places for washing buses
- wastewater from garages and parking lots
- power plants, service stations

 200 · NS  b
fd

High - washing devices for off-road vehicles, construction machinery, agricultural machinery
- places for washing lorries and trucks

 300 · NS  b
fd

  – automatic car washes

 300 · NS  c
fd

a Does not apply to separators smaller or equal to NS 10
b Minimum volume of sedimentation tanks 600 l
c Minimum volume of sedimentation tanks 5000 l

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